Despite the ongoing conflict between Israel and Palestine, international oil prices unexpectedly fell. On October 30, international oil prices fell more than 3%, Brent crude futures settled down 3.35%, closing at $87.45 per barrel; U.S. crude oil futures fell 3.78 percent to settle at $82.31 a barrel. Oil prices have given up most of their gains since the escalation of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict on October 7.
In the context of the conflict in the Middle East has not significantly affected the oil market supply for the time being, the decline in oil prices is also closely related to the demand outlook. It should be noted that although the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has not shaken the oil market, there is a lot of confusion about how the future situation will develop, and the outlook for the already volatile oil market has become increasingly uncertain.
International oil prices soared after the Russia-Ukraine conflict, but the Palestinian-Israeli conflict has limited impact on oil prices, the difference behind is: Russia is an important oil producer, while Palestine and Israel are not. So far, the impact of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict on crude oil prices has been more focused on market sentiment, and thus driving oil price volatility, but the actual impact of the conflict on the supply and demand side of crude oil is still relatively small, which also leads to the lack of support for the rebound in crude oil prices.
Moreover, behind the limited impact of geopolitical conflicts on oil prices, the ability of the global economy to absorb oil price shocks has also increased. Since the energy crisis of the 1970s, countries have strengthened their resilience to oil price shocks and reduced their dependence on oil, dramatically reducing the amount of oil consumed for one dollar of GDP by about half.
Countries around the world are now more diversified in their oil sources and have a wider range of resources such as renewable energy. Some countries have created strategic oil reserves, arrangements to coordinate supply and futures markets, all of which can mitigate the short-term impact of oil shortages on prices.
How will the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict affect the oil market? The impact of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict will depend on its duration, intensity, and whether it spreads to other parts of the Middle East.
If the scope of the conflict does not further expand to major oil-producing countries, the probability of geopolitical events affecting the oil market is limited. But if the conflict escalates, the World Bank warns, there is no doubt that oil markets will suffer: in a "small disruption" scenario, global oil supplies could fall by 500,000 to 2m barrels a day, roughly equivalent to the fall during Libya's 2011 civil war. In this scenario, oil prices will reach $93 to $102 a barrel in the fourth quarter of this year; In the "medium disruption" scenario, oil supplies would fall by 3m to 5m barrels a day, equivalent to the 2003 Iraq war, and prices would rise to $109-121 a barrel. In the "large-scale disruption" scenario, oil supplies would fall by 6 million to 8 million barrels, equivalent to the 1973 Arab oil embargo against Israel and the West, and prices would rise to $140 to $157 a barrel.
Due to the relatively large scale of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, investors' concerns about the expansion of the conflict have been difficult to dissipate, and the possibility of Iran's involvement in the conflict, which has greatly increased the uncertainty of the geopolitical situation, affected by this, the price volatility of crude oil has increased during October. From the perspective of specific influencing factors, most of the specific events that have a greater impact on crude oil prices are the market's concerns about Iran's involvement in the conflict, or the oil price pressure caused by the easing of conflict concerns.
The Emergency special session of the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution on the 27th calling on Israel and the Palestinian parties to the conflict to immediately implement a durable and sustained humanitarian truce to facilitate the cessation of hostilities. However, on the whole, the opportunity for easing the Palestinian-Israeli conflict has not yet appeared, especially the recent statements by Israel and the United States that they are more inclined to continue to take military action, and the risk of expanding the Palestinian-Israeli conflict still exists.
For the crude oil market, it is expected that investors will continue to pay close attention to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, but the market focus will be focused on the impact of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict on neighboring countries in the Middle East, especially whether the United States, Iran and Saudi Arabia will be involved in the conflict, which will directly affect the impact of the conflict on oil prices.
The geopolitical situation is still the main driver of oil prices in the later period, and oil prices are expected to remain highly volatile. The main support below is the continued destocking caused by Saudi production cuts, while the pressure above comes from the resistance of the United States to high oil prices.
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